Studies on experimental animals have shown great morphologic adaptation of the excrescences and the whole dendritic tree of CA3 pyramidal neurons in changes of environmental conditions. However, the available data about the excrescences in human brain is short and insufficient about their properties in Alzheimer’s disease. In the present study, these dendritic structures were studied and compared in CA3 area of hippocampus in patients suffered from Alzheimer’s disease, age matched controls and young individuals. Golgi impregnated material under

light microscopy was used for the description of the structural characteristics of the excrescences. Morphometric estimation of their density on the apical and basilar dendritic tree and their average length revealed reduced density and significantly increased Selleckchem BX-795 size in Alzheimer’s disease patients. The mean density of the excrescences on the apical dendritic tree of the patients compared to age matched controls is reduced 32.8%

(p < 0.001), while the mean number of long excrescences (longer than 5 mu m) is increased 32.6% (p < 0.05). On the basilar dendritic tree, the reduction in density is 26.3% (p < 0.05) Selleckchem ACY-738 and the increase in the number of long excrescences is 23.3% (p < 0.05). These enlarged thorny excrescences can be even longer than 10 mu m, appearing as “”giant spines”". The increased size of the excrescences is considered as a remodeling procedure (compensative mechanism) of the CA3 pyramidal neurons for the balancing of the reduction in the spinal density.”
“The effect of BaZrO3 (BZO) dopant concentration on superconducting properties in YBa2Cu3O6+x thin films is investigated in a wide magnetic field range up to 30 T. Based on the magnetization

and resistivity measurements, the optimal BZO concentration for flux pinning is found to be 4% up to 20 T and increasing up to around 8% in higher fields. This result is qualitatively explained by a model where more BZO is needed in order to organize optimal columnar defect structure at high fields because the amount of single BZO particles check details acting as isotropic point pinning centers is increased, especially in high BZO concentrations. This means that for applications of thin film or coated conductor structures carried out at high magnetic fields, even higher dopant concentration than used in a low-field range should be produced in order to attain the optimal flux pinning conditions. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3329539]“
“Rotavirus is a double-stranded RNA virus that is characterized by substantial genetic diversity. The various serotypes of rotavirus have been determined by the presence of neutralizing epitopes on the outer capsid of the protein shell. At present, 5 rotavirus serotypes (G1, G2, G3, G4, G9) are the predominant circulating strains, accounting for approximately 95% of strains worldwide, although there is considerable geographic variability.