, 1999; Decker et al., 2000; Weeratna et al., 2000; Near selleck et al., 2002). In this study, we expressed the early antigen Ag85b and the late-stage antigen HspX of H37Rv, combined this mixture of these two proteins with another previously prepared recombinant fusion protein

CFP-10:ESAT-6 (C/E) (Waters et al., 2004) (W.-X. Du, B.-W. Chen, X.-B. Shen, C. Su & G.-Z. Wang, unpublished data) and developed a vaccine regimen that incorporates aluminum and CpG DNA, both of which are currently being evaluated in veterinary and human vaccines as adjuvants. The immune response to the vaccine was evaluated in mice, and its therapeutic effectiveness was evaluated in Mtb-challenged guinea pigs. The results showed that the three antigens with CpG and aluminum adjuvants trigger strong humoral and cellular immune responses in mice but play only a small role in control of the disease in Mtb-challenged guinea pigs. Seventy-two Hartley guinea pigs (36 female, 36 male, weighing 250–300 g) were purchased from the Experimental Animal Center of National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products (NICPBP) and temporarily kept under barrier conditions in a biosafety level III animal laboratory. Thirty-six BALB/c mice, aged 6–8 weeks, were obtained PF-01367338 concentration from NICPBP and temporarily maintained under specific pathogen-free conditions. All animals used in this study

were treated according to the standards of animal welfare and reviewed by the Animal Care & Welfare

Committee of NICPBP. The nucleotide sequences of Ag85b and HspX of Mtb H37Rv were obtained from GenBank (gene ID: 885785 and 887579). The Mtb H37Rv strain (ATCC35801) was obtained from the Mycobacterium Laboratory of NICPBP. Primers for Ag85b and HspX are as follows: upstream primer for Ag85b, 5′-CACGCATATGACAGACGTGAGCC-3′ (underlined sequence is restriction site of NdeI), downstream primer for Ag85b, 5′-TTGAATTCTCAGCCGGCGCCT-3′ (the underlined sequence is an EcoRI site); upstream primer for HspX, 5′-TTCATCATATGGCCACCACCCT-3′ (the underlined sequence is an NdeI site), downstream primer for HspX, P2, 5′-GTGCAAGCTTTCAGTTGGTGGAC-3′ (the underlined sequence is a HindIII site). After amplification and double digestion, Diflunisal the PCR products were individually ligated into pET30a (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). The recombinant plasmids were transformed into Escherichia coli DH5α cells and sequenced to confirm the insertion (Invitrogen, Shanghai, China). All the enzymes were purchased from TaKaRa Biotechnology Co. Ltd (Dalian, China). After successful transformation of recombinant plasmids from DH5α into E. coli BL21-competent cells (BioRev-Tech. Scientific & Technical Co. Ltd, Beijing, China), rAg85b and rHspX were purified from a 2 L Luria–Bertani culture and incubated at 37 °C for 4 h or until the OD600 nm reached 0.6 in the presence of 1 mM isopropyl thiogalactoside (Sigma, St. Louis, MO).