Although the specific capacitance is unusually high, Stewart-McCumber parameters from 1 to 3, at 4.2 K, optimum for digital single-flux-quantum applications were obtained without external Selleckchem H 89 shunting. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3354090]“
“Two dimensional speckle tracking (2D-ST) is a relatively new tool that has been used in veterinary medicine to quantify myocardial function. However,
there is little information about the use of this tool in healthy cats. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate left ventricular longitudinal strain and strain rate in non-sedated healthy cats, as well as longitudinal velocity and displacement, by means of 2D-ST echocardiography. Thirty non-sedated healthy cats were examined and 2D images were obtained for 2D-ST analyzes.
The global mean strain and strain rate was -15.65 +/- 5.46% and -1.80 +/- 0.59 s(-1), respectively. Velocity and displacement were 1.41 +/- 0.87 cm/s and 1.27 +/- 0.80 mm, respectively. AC220 mouse Thus, 2D-ST demonstrated to be feasible for measuring left ventricular longitudinal strain, strain rate, velocity and displacement in cats and preliminary reference values for non-sedated healthy cats can be established from the results of this
study. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Background: The daily energy imbalance gap associated with the current population weight gain in the obesity epidemic is relatively small. However, the substantially higher body weights of populations that have accumulated over several years are associated with a substantially BIIB057 cost higher total energy expenditure (TEE) and total energy intake (TEI), or energy flux (EnFlux = TEE = TEI).
Objective: The
objective was to develop an equation relating EnFlux to body weight in adults for estimating the rise in EnFlux associated with the obesity epidemic.
Design: Multicenter, cross-sectional data for TEE from doubly labeled water studies in 1399 adults aged 5.9 +/- 18.8 y (mean +/- SD) were analyzed in linear regression models with natural log (ln) weight as the dependent variable and ln EnFlux as the independent variable, adjusted for height, age, and sex. These equations were compared with those for children and applied to population trends in weight gain.
Results: ln EnFlux was positively related to ln weight (beta = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.66, 0.76; R(2) = 0.52), adjusted for height, age, and sex. This slope was significantly steeper than that previously described for children (beta = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.38, 0.51).
Conclusions: This relation suggests that substantial increases in TEI have driven the increases in body weight over the past 3 decades. Adults have a higher proportional weight gain than children for the same proportional increase in energy intake, mostly because of a higher fat content of the weight being gained. The obesity epidemic will not be reversed without large reductions in energy intake, increases in physical activity, or both. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 89: 1723-8.