Infants fed the MFGM supplemented formula tended to have higher oral levels of total lactobacilli and L. gasseri than infants fed a standard formula. This could reflect that MFGM provides a wide range of potential carbohydrate binding epitopes on glycoproteins and glycolipids, and that L. gasseri bound to purified MFGM coated on hydroxyapatite (present study). An increased content of MFGM supplementation could potentially foster
acquisition of L. gasseri and/or other Lactobacillus species in the gastro-intestinal tract, but this concept needs further study. Conclusions Our study findings lead us to conclude that the oral cavities of breastfed infants are colonized selleck by lactobacilli more frequently than formula-fed infants and that L. gasseri is the dominant Lactobacillus
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